ABSTRACT
Investigations were carried out to estimate the level of radiation exposure effect of X-ray machines on 40 male personnel handling diagnostic X-ray machines and compared to 38 matched, unexposed, normal controls. The actual accumulated radiation doses were not disclosed. As compared to controls the exposed persons showed highly significantly increased levels (P < 0.01) of chromosome aberrations (0.68%-2.67%). Frequencies of sister chromatid exchanges (5.80-6.20) and the levels of aneuploidy (2.27-2.37) were also increased a little, but did not show statistically significant effect of exposure. Satellite associations (7.84-16.25) and mitotic index (5.14-6.07) showed a significant increase (P < 0.05) in exposed individuals. The statistically significant increase in the frequencies of chromosomal aberrations and satellite associations in X-ray personnel underscores the need of adopting measures to avoid or at least minimiZe overexposure to X-irradiation.
Subject(s)
Adult , Aneuploidy , Case-Control Studies , Chromosome Aberrations , Chromosomes, Human/radiation effects , Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation , Humans , Male , Mitotic Index , Mutagenicity Tests , Observer Variation , Occupational Exposure , Radiation Dosage , Radiography , Single-Blind Method , Sister Chromatid Exchange/radiation effects , Technology, RadiologicABSTRACT
An intravaginal foreign body of long duration can pose diagnostic dilemma in children. We present a case of eight and a half years old girl who was suffering from blood stained vaginal discharge for 3 years for which she was treated by few gynaecologists. A vaginal examination performed under general anaesthesia revealed a foreign body (lead pencil). In cases of pediatric vaginitis one should always look for foreign body in vagina.
Subject(s)
Child , Female , Foreign Bodies/complications , Humans , Hymen/injuries , Vagina , Vaginal Discharge/etiology , Vaginitis/etiologyABSTRACT
Parathyroid hormone (PTH), calcitonin (CT)and calciferol (Vit. D3) operate synchronously to maintain a balance between calcium and phosphate levels in serum. An aberration of specific steps in the homeostatic process results in hypo/hyper phosphatemia. These aberrations may eventually lead to several diseased states. PTH and Vit. D3 induced hypercalcemia can, however, be significantly inhibited by calcitonin (CT). These findings have been correlated with the levels of calcium and phosphate obtained from human senile cataractous lenses of cortical and nuclear types. The comparison of the results indicate that amongst these three hormones PTH is most vulnerable in leading towards conditions for possible cataract formation in rat lens.